How to Split Strings in Ruby

Unless user input is a single word or number, that input will need to be split  or turned into a list of strings or numbers. For instance, if a program asks for your full name, including middle initial, it will first need to split that input into three separate strings before it can work with your individual first, middle and last name. This is achieved using the String#split method. How String#split Works In its most basic form, String#split takes a single argument: the field delimiter as a string. This delimiter will be removed from the output and an array of strings split on the delimiter will be returned. So, in the following example, assuming the user input their name correctly, you should receive a three-element Array from the split. #!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split( )puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your last name is #{name.last} If we run this program and enter a name, well get some expected results. Also, note that name.first and name.last are coincidences. The name variable will be an Array, and those two method calls will be equivalent to name[0] and name[-1] respectively. $ ruby split.rbWhat is your full name? Michael C. MorinYour first name is MichaelYour last name is Morin However,  String#split is a bit smarter than youd think. If the argument to String#split is a string, it does indeed use that as the delimiter, but if the argument is a string with a single space (as we used), then it infers that you want to split on any amount of whitespace  and that you also want to remove any leading whitespace. So, if we were to give it some slightly malformed input such as Michael C. Morin (with extra spaces), then String#split would still do what is expected. However, thats the only special case when you pass a String as the first argument. Regular Expression Delimiters You can also pass a regular expression as the first argument. Here, String#split becomes a bit more flexible. We can also make our little name splitting code a bit smarter. We dont want the period at the end of the middle initial. We know its a middle initial, and the database wont want a period there, so we can remove it while we split. When String#split matches a regular expression, it does the same exact thing as if it had just matched a string delimiter: it takes it out of the output and splits it at that point. So, we can evolve our example a little bit: $ cat split.rb#!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split(/\.?\s/)puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your middle initial is #{name[1]}puts Your last name is #{name.last} Default Record Separator Ruby is not really big on special variables that you might find in languages like Perl, but String#split does use one you need to be aware of. This is the default record separator variable, also known as $;. Its a global, something you dont often see in Ruby, so if you change it, it might affect other parts of the code—just be sure to change it back when finished. However, all this variable does is act as the default value for the first argument to String#split. By default, this variable seems to be set to nil. However, if String#splits first argument is nil, it will replace it with a single space string. Zero-Length Delimiters If the delimiter passed to String#split is a zero-length string or regular expression, then String#split will act a bit differently. It will remove nothing at all from the original string and split on every character. This essentially turns the string into an array of equal length containing only one-character strings, one for each character in the string. This can be useful for iterating over the string and was used in pre-1.9.x and pre-1.8.7 (which backported a number of features from 1.9.x) to iterate over characters in a string without worrying about breaking up multi-byte Unicode characters. However, if what you really want to do is iterate over a string, and youre using 1.8.7 or 1.9.x, you should probably use String#each_char instead. #!/usr/bin/env rubystr She turned me into a newt!str.split().each do|c| puts cend Limiting The Length of the Returned Array So back to our name parsing example, what if someone has a space in their last name? For instance, Dutch surnames can often begin with van (meaning of or from). We only really want a 3-element array, so we can use the second argument to String#split that we have so far ignored. The second argument is expected to be a Fixnum. If this argument is positive, at most, that many elements will be filled in the array. So in our case, we would want to pass 3 for this argument. #!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split(/\.?\s/, 3)puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your middle initial is #{name[1]}puts Your last name is #{name.last} If we run this again and give it a Dutch name, it will act as expected. $ ruby split.rbWhat is your full name? Vincent Willem van GoghYour first name is VincentYour middle initial is WillemYour last name is van Gogh However, if this argument is negative (any negative number), then there will be no limit on the number of elements in the output array and any trailing delimiters will appear as zero-length strings at the end of the array. This is demonstrated in this IRB snippet: :001 this,is,a,test,,,,.split(,, -1) [this, is, a, test, , , , ]

Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells Essay - 1193 Words

Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells A stem cell is a cell which can differentiate into any other type of cell in the body. It can become a blood cell, a liver cell, or even a nerve cell. The only problem with stem cells is that they can only be found in the bone marrow of living humans or the gonadal tissue of developing fetuses. There are many people who believe that stem cells are the miracle cure for cancer, Parkinson’s, and many other terminal diseases, but there are large groups of people opposed to the use of stem cells because of the means by which they are attained. This debate will go on indefinitely, because there are prodigious amounts of support for both sides of the issue. The many benefits of stem cells out weigh the†¦show more content†¦Scientists have used gene therapy ( Inserting a strand of RNA into a virus which will then cause the cell to create new proteins) to insert a normal gene into the stem cells of the children’s bone marrow (FDA, 2003). By doing this the scientists hav e been able to successfully treat nine out of the eleven of the children who were afflicted with the disease. The scientists say that â€Å"The children went on to live relatively normal lives† (FDA, 2003). If the stem cells were not used, the children would have certainly died before they even had a chance to live. These are just a few examples of the many benefits of stem cells. People in the religious community as well as the human rights community do not like stem cells because they either come from a living patient’s bone marrow or the developing tissues of fetuses. They believe that the unborn child is â€Å"alive†, and so they think that using stem cells is murder. The fact is that scientists use primarily aborted fetuses, which would only be incinerated instead. These people are not focused on the ethical issues of stem cells, rather they are trying to combat abortion, a problem which has persisted through history. The most promising use of stem cells is in the field of nerve damage. Your body stops creating nerve cells right when you are born, so if your nerves get damaged, you cannot create any new cells. People who are paralyzed inShow MoreRelatedReport on Therapeutic Cloning1109 Words   |  4 PagesArgumentative Paper - Therapeutic Cloning A sheep named Dolly is the first thing to come to mind when the term cloning arises. Everyone remembers the hoopla or has read of the hoopla that surrounded the birth and survival of the first successfully cloned animal. This is because cloning, to some, is a questionable practice at best. In general terms, cloning is the replication of another animal. It is a process whereby an identical twin is created in a lab. However, cloning is not limited toRead MoreModern Medicine And Biotechnology Have Increased The Lifespan Of Humans Across The World1282 Words   |  6 Pagesworld. 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Embryonic stem cells play a major role in the research because the cell provides information for cell development toRead MoreEssay Problems with Embryonic Stem-Cell Research1416 Words   |  6 PagesRecently in the scientific world, the field of embryonic stem cell research has become a popular topic and has been the subject for many heated debates. Experts in the field of stem cell research promise that this will be the future of medicine; that stem cells will be the cure to all the debi litating diseases and afflictions of today, such as Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, cancer and nerve damage. The truth about embryonic stem cell research is that it is not as hopeful and as revolutionaryRead MoreCloning for the Greater Good Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe possibility of therapeutic cloning and embryonic stem cell research not only brings hope to people with diseases but also brings fear to many when the thought of clones walking the earth comes to mind. Therapeutic cloning is an advanced procedure also known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) where DNA is removed from an egg and replaced with DNA from a somatic cell. After the DNA is transferred into the egg, the egg is shocked into thinking it was fertilized and cells start to divide. TheRead MoreHuman Embryonic Stem Cell Research1313 Words   |  6 PagesJessica Rogers Kendra Gallos English III Honors 18 April 2016 Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research, or HES cell research, is a very controversial ethical debate. This issues is a dilemma for scientist, religious activist, and many more. HES cell research is being disputed because the practice is morally wrong. The other side of the issue stands with many scientist, being that they see the potential lives it could save in the long run. 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Roundtable on Land and Water Management - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theRoundtable on Land and Water Management. Answer: Egypt is one of the most populated Middle Eastern countries in northern Africa. Its economy is one of the best in the northern African region. Egypt has the most developed economy. Egypt's economy is driven by the service sector which dominates at 47%, the agricultural sector is second at 29% and the industrial sector at 24%. Investing in real estates is one of the most promising business that international investors ought to invest in, in Egypt. Since the prices of real estate keep on rising every year, this is the best area to invest in. Political Factors Egyptian politics has been dominated by the military for many years until the 2011 uprising. This politics has always had a lot of animosity. There is animosity toward the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim brotherhood is so far the most organized political party in Egypt. Military influence has been very paramount in Egyptian politics given that a majority of the people see the military as a sign of stability. Mayfield (2014), observes that a Zogby poll which was published in the year 2013 revealed that nearly 94% confidence level. A majority of non-Islamists tend to favor a return to military rule while Islamists (nearly all of them) opposes this idea and this has brought a deep divide politically and religiously. This is what makes Egypt's political environment is hostile and risky for investment given the political turmoil that has been experienced in Egypt during the Arab spring beginning with the overthrow of Hosni Mubarak in 2011. Egypts politics has seriously affected the Egyptia n market. The Egyptian market is currently grossed with serious serious political risks for foreign investors. While these risks can be successfully diversified, especially by integrating available stock into an investment portfolio, it is still important to give political risk serious attention. Inflation rate have soured high, unemployment rate is also high and businesses are also seriously affected. According to Mayfield (2014), the political risk associated with Egypts politics especially the transition brought about a negatively affected the country and brought about disinvestment. Legal Factors The official language in Egypt is Arabic. All documents especially business documents are written in Arabic if they are to have the necessary value expected of them. Expatriates who are not well conversant with the Arabic language can find it difficult to operate in Egypt. It is possible that an agreement can be drafted in another language, however, such an agreement or proposal must be accompanied by an approved official translation in Arabic. Arabic is Egypt's official language and all documents have to be written in this language if they are to have legal value (Shalaby and Dardik 2017) A contract can be written in another language, however it has to be accompanied by an official translation in approved Arabic. This can pose a serious challenge to foreign nationals who would like to operate in Egypt. While making drafts and agreements, the point of references is the 1971 constitution. The prevailing legal system in Egypt is highly influenced by the French law from which it borrows a lot. Sharia laws can also apply in some circumstances to question civil positions. Egypt encourages foreign investors to invest in Egypt. This can be seen from the fact that Egypts Incentive Law clearly recognizes investors. The rights of investors in accommodated by Egyptian policies and law. Investors can solve disputes more amicably through bilateral arrangements. The Egyptian law also allows for the application of UN Commission of Trade Law according to Kleinman and Lin (2017) What Egypt is Doing to Improve Foreign Investment? New Egyptian legislation encourages foreign investments. These new laws have put in place incentives to help attract more foreign investment. (Kleinman and Lin 2017) With these new laws Egypt hopes to come up with an attractive business environment. By this legislation Egypt has set up a conducive business environment to ensure that foreign investors get fair treatment when signing business contracts just as the locals. Foreigners also have equal opportunities just as local investors. According to Kleinman and Lin (2017), provisions in articles 30 of the Egyptian constitution states that foreign investor are exempted from paying fees for documenting the companies as well as stamp taxes. Conclusion Egypt is a booming market for foreign investment following its approximately 4 years of economic stagnation. Culture wise and economically, Egypt stand out as the country that encourages huge foreign investment. This is because it has a bigger population and a stronger economy. Despite the political upheavals, Egypt is secure compared to other nations in the middles east. The only factors that may affect the successful set up of operations may result from language barrier from expatriates not familiar with Arabic and a few cultural influences given that Egypt is an Islam state. Works Cited Gomaa, S.S., 20015. Environmental policy making in Egypt. In Roundtable on Land and Water Management: proceedings, Cairo, 13-15 Dec. 1993. IDRC, Regional Office for North Africa and the Middle East, Cairo, EG. Caiazza, R., 2014. Identifying international market opportunities: the case of Italian companies in Egypt. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 21(4), pp.665-674. Kleinman, G. and Lin, B.B., 2017. Audit regulation in an international setting: Testing the impact of religion, culture, market factors, and legal code on national regulatory efforts. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 14(1), pp.62-94. Shalaby, S.Y. and Dardik, A., 2017. Comparison of Investment opportunities in Egypt with the United States. In Economic Survey (pp. 127-129). Springer International Publishing. Kleinman, G. and Lin, B.B., 2017. Audit regulation in an international setting: Testing the impact of religion, culture, market factors, and legal code on national regulatory efforts. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 14(1), pp.62-94. Mayfield, J.B., 2014. Rural politics in Nasser's Egypt: a quest for legitimacy. University of Texas Press.

Modern Manifestation of Buddhism free essay sample

Buddhist practices have flourished throughout Asia for thousands of years. These practices didnt reach the Western culture until the late 19th century. However, over the past decade Buddhist teachings seemed to have an attraction within our rapidly changing culture. Unlike many religions, which focus only within their institutions, the Buddhist focus point is to achieve inner peace within ones self, in which can have a profound rippling effect. The manifestation of Buddhism throughout the western culture has slowly been increasing and has become more accepted within ur political society. In order to fully understand this manifestation, one must first understand Buddhism and where it came from. Buddhism began about 2,500 years ago in India when Siddhartha Gautama, a wealthy prince, became dissatisfied with his lavish lifestyle ( in class). Siddhartha left behind his wife and children to set out on a path to find the true virtues of life. In leaving his kingdom he cut off his hair and renounced the selfish lifestyle that he once led. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Manifestation of Buddhism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Upon his Journey, Gautama saw sickness, old age, and death. He couldnt understand how there could be happiness in world that was filled with suffering. Within his search, he survived off a very limited diet, only eating roots and berries (in class). He grew even more dissatisfied when he realized that, Neither my life of luxury in the palace nor my life as an ascetic in the forest is the way to freedom. As his impatience started to grow, he told himself that he would sit under a tree and would not walk away until he was free from suffering. Siddhartha fell into a deep meditation, in which he met copious amounts of evil that tried to lure him away from reaching his goal. As the struggle subsided, he was free from suffering and gained supreme wisdom. It was this moment that he was known as Buddha. Upon his enlightenment, the Buddha and his followers spent the next forty-five years spreading Dharma, his teachings. Social class played no role in the path that the Buddha sought out to pave. His acceptance among all economic classes represents the amount of compassion that he had for every sentient being. He understood all of the hardships that everyone faced because he dealt with their true emotions. The Buddha stressed to not believe in his teachings Just on blind faith. He encouraged his followers to meditate as well, for that is the only way for one to evelop their true virtue. Buddhism has been labeled as a religion, which is quite untrue. To an outsider it may seem that the Buddha is seen as a religious icon. However, for those who partake in meditative practices, the Buddha is viewed as a mental reinforcement and support. Buddhists dont believe in supernatural spirits unlike every other religion etc. (Christianity, Judaism, and Islam). The Buddha stressed that everyone needs support to make sure that they stay on the right path. Before the Buddha died, he encouraged his followers to continue to support the novice beginners, because life is ull of illusions; if not guided in the right direction they could lose the wisdom that any teacher, parent, or coach. Within the basic teachings of Buddhism, it is understood that the universe is consistently changing, which history proves to be true. New ideas are born, and then eventually die off. For example, fashion, because its constantly changing. Karma is one of the universal truths that explains life as a result of cause and effect. Basically, if you do good things, then good things will happen to you. If you do evil things then bad things will happen. Ones thoughts and actions will determine how the future plays out. Within Buddhism it is explained that ignorance, attachment, and aversion are the reasons for suffering (Rinpoche P. 1 17). Ignorance is the inability to see things for how they truly are. When perceptions are distorted, it causes disillusionment and makes one unable to recognize the infinite potential within the human mind. Attachment is described as the perception of self and other. Attachment is an addictive trait that causes a compulsive dependency on external objects or experiences to generate an illusion of wholeness (Rinpoche P. 18). Aversion is the strong attachment one generates towards someone or something. To many this causes a sense of satisfaction and happiness once one has achieved their goal. Unfortunately, this attachment will cause an equally powerful fear if one fails get what they want or lose what they have gained. Changes are inevitable, by trying to go against change will not only cause one to suffer but, it will hinder the infinite potential of happiness. Naturally, it is genetically within humans to differentiate self and other. This genetic is very similar to the reptilian gene, which is living Just to survive. When surviving is the only thing that matters, others are viewed as enemies, or as obstacles that may refrain one from achieving happiness (Rinpoche P. 105). Unfortunately, by feeding the ego, it causes a conflict of interest because we live in a world that depends on others. For example, food, gas, clothes, or any kind of provided service. This often complicates the relationship with others and ones self. In Buddhism it is understood that happiness is best when shared. One way to override the ego is developing a sense of compassion for ones self and for others. Compassion is much ifferent from the ordinary sense, which means feeling sorry for others. But in Tibetan terms, compassion represents the spontaneous feeling of a connection with all sentient things. Once one has realized, that Just like them, everyone wants to achieve peace and avoid suffering. Instead of seeing a particular individual as an enemy, one can see them in a different light, simply by realizing that he/she is Just trying to free themselves from suffering. Compassion is the recognition that everyone and everything is simply a reflection of everyone and everything (Rinpoche p. 174). Over the past few decades, anxiety has been a main health issue for Americans. Many have disputed on the causes of this mental affliction, whether its the economy, poor health, pressure at Jobs, or even stress within the household. More than 18 percent of American adults are suffering from an anxiety disorder, which makes the United States the most anxious country in the world (Clark). Robert Leahy, a psychologist, said that the average high school kid today has the same level of anxiety as the average psychiatric patient in the early 1950s. Many ask well why is this? America, to many outsiders, is viewed as a land of opportunity and yet countries, such as Nigeria, that they are up to 5 times less likely to show significant signs of anxiety than Americans (Clark). It seems as though Americans are being forced to become more independent. This goes back to the ego state of mind, separating self and other. When one alienates ones self to protect their own interests, they miss the element of in-person connection (Clark). From the day a child is born, the child needs to receive affection. It has been shown in the past that if a new born was Just given food and shelter, he/she simply wouldnt survive or they ould have serious social problems as that child reached adulthood. As time progresses, new technology will arise and material objects will continue to play a huge role for many Americans. It is important to understand that one wants to free oneself from the sufferings from stress and anxiety, one needs to create some sort of a balance. Some may argue the fact that medication can help treat these sufferings but, in fact they do quite the opposite. Yes, it provides immediate results, but as time progresses, that particular person will build up a tolerance to the drug. Once this happens, many choose to increase the amount of dosage. This was cause many health risks physically and mentally. Physically, these drugs will wear down the stomach lining, which can cause ulcers and the breakdown of ones liver. Mentally, one will become extremely dependent on this drug, causing the anxiety/stress levels to increase even higher than before ever taking the medication. Though medications may help some, it makes many extremely dependent on a drug, which causes a fear that if he/she is not on the medication then they cant cope or deal with everyday situations. The point that is being made here, is that by dealing with ones stress in a ognitive and logical way, it enables one to cope with their problems rather than running away from them. Facing fear is the only way to relieve it. Mediation is great way to become in touch with themselves and reality. Much of the western culture is a melting pot, a mixture of many ethnicities and religions. Due to the increase in technology, it has made it easier for most of the population to develop a well-educated opinion on religion, politics, and health. Many of the Buddhists meditative practices have eased their way into the western culture because it doesnt matter whether one is religious or not. Many psychologists have adopted mediation as a practice that they use on their patients. Meditation has immense side effects Just on a physiological level. The Transcendental meditation is a technique used to reduce stress and strengthen the communication between the prefrontal cortex and other areas in the brain (tm. org). When one becomes at ease within the natural state of their mind a sense of openness is brought about. For many, compassion for one another grows tremendously which can enable a very stable life and work environment. Meditation is a way to self-regulate ones self and iscover the inner workings within the mind. There are many different methods in meditating but, the main ones are Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration, and Right View. Each of these types helps generate new neurological activity within the brain, which can cause tremendous health benefits. Sara Lazar, a psychologist at Harvard University conducted a study that compared the brain activity between those who meditate and those who dont (YudhiJit). Within her study she used magnetic resonance imaging scans to monitor the brain activity between both groups. Her senses, were thicker in the subjects who practiced meditation. Lazar said, The differences in the thickness were pronounced in older subjects, suggesting that regular practice of meditation might reduce normal age-related thinning of the brain (YudhiJit). Stress and anxiety have become the nations modern epidemic. The United States spends more than $300 billion per year on trying to fix the anxiety and stress levels that are amongst many Americans (Clark). Mediation seems to be the perfect solution. The results are realistically astonishing. Why realistic? Because when meditating your not chasing a particular feeling, unlike many medications. When one is able understand how the mind works and how it reacts in certain situations, it makes it much easier to cope with everyday problems. The reliance on materialistic objects never seems to satisfy the sense of wholeness that everyone is longing for. The best part about meditation, if practiced regularly, many seem to find that the sense of wholeness that he/she has been longing for has been their the whole time. Instead of complaining about the things he/she doesnt have, one is able to see all of the wonderful aspects that they do have. The sense of clarity is a more riceless asset than any iPod, computer, or television. Being able to expect the good and the bad is part of accepting ones fears, anxiety, or stress. Stress and anxiety is only the bodies reaction to how the mind perceives a situation. For example, lets say two people get into an altercation and started a argument. The only reason that they are fghting is because the other individual poses as a threat, maybe due to his actions or something that he/she had said. Now what if they both spoke two completely different languages, would they still have gotten into a fght?

Comparison of Early American Literature Essay Example

Comparison of Early American Literature Essay Example Comparison of Early American Literature Essay Comparison of Early American Literature Essay The two choices Of Plymouth Plantation by William Bradford and The General History of Virginia by John Smith are some of the earlier pieces of American literature. Although they were both written in the same clip period the manner and attitudes vary greatly. William Bradford had a really direct signifier of authorship ; normally known as plain puritan manner. whereas. John Smith had a slightly confusing. more luxuriant. composing manner. Bradford’s piece besides seemed more accurate than John Smith’s history. For illustration. John Smith wrote of his gaining control by †¦three 100 archers. conducted by the male monarch of Pamunkee†¦ which seems more than a small overdone. After all. it by and large doesn’t take three hundred work forces to capture one. Smith exaggerated many times in order to tout about himself. There are many times when he refers to his illustriousness. In the undermentioned quotation mark he boasts of his leading accomplishments and compassion for his fellow work forces while minimizing his higher-ups: The new President and Martin. being small beloved. of weak judgement in dangers. and less industry in peace. committed the managing of all things abroad to Captain Smith. who. by his ain illustration. good words. and just promises. put some to cut down. others to adhere thatch. some to construct houses. others to thatch them. himself ever bearing the greatest undertaking for his ain portion. so that in short clip her provided most of them diggingss. pretermiting any for himself†¦ William Bradford. on the other manus. self-praises about his settlement: †¦there was but six or seven sound individuals who to their great citations. be it spoken. spared no strivings dark or twenty-four hours. but with copiousness of labor and hard of their ain wellness. fetched them wood . made them fires. dressed them meat. made their beds. washed their nauseating apparels. clothed and unclothed them. Bradford and Smith. both leaders of their settlements. wrote of their adversities in the new universe. Despite these similarities the manner they acted was really different. When John Smith writes about the Native Americans he refers to them as savages and barbarians. He even calls Pocahontas. the miss who saved his life. a immature dame. Bradford writes of the Native Americans as human existences. He even had a peace pact with them that lasted twenty-four old ages. They besides had different motives for authorship. which may lend to the many differences. Smith wrote his choice to promote people to come to America to happen exhilaration and escapade. Bradford merely wanted to inform the readers of what the lives of settlers was truly similar. As different are their authorship manners. motives. and positions these two work forces portion some common land. one being they are some of the earliest plant of American Literature. So no affair how different or similar Smith and Bradford’s Hagiographas are. History of Virginia and Of Plymouth Plantation will ever be remembered as great American literature.

Menes Was the First Pharaoh of Egypt

Menes Was the First Pharaoh of Egypt The political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt occurred about 3150 B.C., thousands of years before historians began to write such things down. Egypt was an ancient civilization even to the Greeks and Romans, who were as far removed in time from this early period of Egypt as we are from them today. Who was the first pharaoh to unite Upper and Lower Egypt? According to the Egyptian historian Manetho, who lived in the late fourth century B.C. (the Ptolemaic period), the founder of the unified Egyptian state which combined Upper and Lower Egypt under a single monarchy was Menes. But the exact identity of this ruler remains a mystery. Was Narmer or Aha the First Pharaoh? There is almost no mention of Menes in the archeological record. Instead, archaeologists are unsure whether â€Å"Menes† should be identified as either Narmer or Aha, the first and second kings of the First Dynasty. Both rulers are credited at different times and by different sources with the unification of Egypt. Archaeological evidence exists for both possibilities: the Narmer Palette excavated at Hierakonpolis shows on one side King Narmer wearing the crown of Upper Egypt- the conical white Hedjet- and on the reverse side wearing the crown of Lower Egypt- the red, bowl-shaped Deshret. Meanwhile, an ivory plaque excavated at Naqada bears both the names â€Å"Aha† and â€Å"Men† (Menes). A seal impression discovered at Umm el-Qaab lists the first six rulers of the First Dynasty as Narmer, Aha, Djer, Djet, Den and [Queen] Merneith, which suggests that Narmer and Aha may have been father and son. Menes is never seen on such early records. He Who Endures By 500 B.C., Menes is mentioned as receiving the throne of Egypt directly from the god Horus. As such, he comes to occupy the role of founding figure much as Remus and Romulus did from ancient Romans. Archaeologists agree that it is likely that the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt occurred over the reigns of several First Dynasty kings, and that the legend of Menes was, perhaps, created at a much later date to represent those involved. The name â€Å"Menes† means â€Å"He Who Endures,† and it may have come to connote all of the proto-dynastic kings who made unification a reality. Other Sources The Greek historian Herodotus, in the fifth century B.C., refers to the first king of a unified Egypt as Min  and claims that he was responsible for the draining of the plain of Memphis and founding the Egyptian capital there. It’s easy to see Min and Menes as the same figure. In addition, Menes was credited with introducing the worship of gods and the practice of sacrifice to Egypt, two hallmarks of its civilization. The Roman writer Pliny credited Menes with the introduction of writing to Egypt as well. His achievements brought an era of royal luxury to Egyptian society, and he was taken to task for this during the reigns of reformers such as Teknakht, in the eighth century B.C.

Essay NO. U2 M2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

NO. U2 M2 - Essay Example This paper will examine the employability, retention, and recruitment of staff at Starbucks. Employability is a term that refers to the ability of a person to secure an employment position with a company. For a person to secure an employment position, that individual must have the right educational qualifications, experience, and skills. Therefore, it means that a person’s qualifications must match those required by a company for the organization to consider that person to be employable. Philips argues that for companies to determine the employability of prospective workers, they have to plan by first determining the objectives of their organizations. This is because workers who are to be selected must be capable of enabling the company to achieve its mission and objectives. The main objective of Starbucks is to provide its customers with an excellent experience while they are in the organization. This means that for a worker to be employable, that person must have the ability of serving customers in a friendly and efficient manner. Since the organization also deals with food stuffs, it means that employees must be capable of handling food efficiently, maintain a high degree of hygiene, and be knowledgeable about different brands of coffee, soft drinks, and other products that are sold in the company. The accumulation of these skills indicates that employable workers need also to have attained some education in food, catering, and customer care. It also means that prospective employees need to have acquired some experience in an environment that is similar to that of Starbucks. Employees at Starbucks need also to have certain personal skills that may be acquired naturally or in school. For example, these individuals must have the ability to communicate with all kinds of people successfully. Having the ability to communicate effectively enables workers at Starbucks to serve

The extent of bankers' awareness, attitude towards social enterprises Dissertation

The extent of bankers' awareness, attitude towards social enterprises business modes and social enterprises' ability to attr - Dissertation Example Major focus is placed on the objectives of the organizations. Social enterprises can be of different types. For example, a social enterprise can take the form of share capital organization, or it may be a non-share capital enterprise that is generally known to be as non-profit corporation, or it may take the form of a cooperative, or it may be built through partnership, or it may take the shape of a sole proprietorship. (Conaty, 2001; Martin and Thompson, 2009; Brooks, 2008) Very often, a social enterprise is created as a profit making independent organization having some particular social values implanted in its business activities. Some times a social enterprise is built in order to generate revenues for financing the activities of a non-profit enterprise, while in some other cases a social enterprise is simply a profit-generating subsidiary of a non-profit corporation. Most of the social enterprises operate at breakeven point or generate quite small level of profits. However, some social enterprises can be quite profitable. Everything depends on the purposes for which the social enterprises are set up. ... Second, Smallbone et al (2001) is of the opinion that the utilization of surpluses generated through their economic activities for fulfilling a social objective is the prime distinguishing characteristic of social enterprise. How social enterprises are financed: A number of literatures have put some focus on the financing of social enterprises (Smallbone et al 2001; Bnak of England, 2003, Conaty, 2001; Westall, 2001). Various studies have tries to identify the source of funds that social enterprises utilize to fulfill their noble objectives. In these studies it has been found that social enterprises generally are not capable of generating sufficient amount of revenues from the sales of goods and services for financing their social or environmental goals. The researchers have suggested that this shortfall in funding is most of time made up with grants. Grants towards social enterprises are generally provided by local, provincial or central government. Smallbone et al (2001) pointed ou t in his study that most of the types of social enterprise need grant support at the time of their initiation and early trading times. However, the level of grant support required generally varies on account of their activities and sizes. Smallbone et al (2001) interviewed 80 entrepreneurs who had set up social enterprises and they found that 39 percent of them obtained grants from European Commission, 49 percent from regional or central administration and 33 percent from the local government. This kind of funding is generally utilized to finance expenditures on capital. Conaty (2001) identified two largest sources of funds to finance expenditure on capital in social enterprises. One of them is

Colorimeter Essay Example for Free

Colorimeter Essay Record the absorbance values for 4ppm Methyl orange, making sure to zero the machine with the deionised water cuvette after each reading is taken. After I measured out my methyl orange I diluted each with deionised water up to the calibration mark on the volumetric flask. 4. I then poured each solution into separate cuvettes. 5. Recording the absorbance values for each always â€Å"zeroing† in between each reading with a cuvette containing deionised water. 6. Get the absorbance value of the unknown solution. 7. Record results in Tables 8. Prepare a standard curve graph 9. Estimate the concentration of the unknown solution on your graph. Results Part Two Concentration Discussion Using a colorimeter I used different coloured liquids to prove beer lamberts law. I did this experiment three times each time recording my results. I believe I proved beer lamberts law and this can be seen by my results which I have listed. I was also able to find the concentration of an unknown solution by plotting it on my graph using its absorbance number.

Who is Under Bondage? :: The Mission A Respectable Trade Slavery Essays

Who is Under Bondage? In analyzing two films, A Respectable Trade and The Mission, the oppression of the slaves and the indigenous people of the Guarani is strikingly blatant. The cruelty of the slave owners in A Respectable Trade and the Spanish and Portuguese who killed the Gauarani tribe in The Mission probably provokes disgust in the emotions of the viewer. Yet perhaps sympathy could also arise for a less obvious third party. Though the lives of the slaves were not their own, Francis Scott, their manager, was under bondage as well, in her own marriage. Though the Guarani were subject to either slavery or the converting of their lives to Christianity, the Jesuits, those that were responsible for converting them, were also bound to the decisions of another, in this case the church as an institution. The difference in the bondage of these two parties is that the slaves and Gauarani did not have a choice, whereas Francis and the Jesuits did. Despite their decisions to bind themselves to another entity, th ough, Francis and the Jesuits faced their own oppression. Yet, Francis and the Jesuits managed to exert their own control over the slaves and the Guarani while still being ultimately subjected to the contracts they voluntarily agreed to. They acted against their oppressors. Francis Scott in A Respectable Trade puts herself under bondage from the very moment she decided to get married. Francis asked for a job as an instructor and ended up with a slave-trading husband. Josiah was interested in her higher social status so as to boost his trade and wealth and perhaps move â€Å"across the river† with the wealthier class people. Little did Francis know she would be instructing slaves. This social process leads to the fact that, when analyzing their marriage in a class perspective, the relationship is feudal. Francis had a contract to serve Josiah in a specific way, and as her uncle warned her, she became Josiah’s property. As a feudal relationship, Josiah controlled the surplus from the profit of the slaves, and Francis received an allowance for managing them. Though Francis had a higher social status and education, ran the household, and even supposedly co-partnered with her husband, Josiah still had the ultimate control. This is illustrated f rom the very beginning of their marriage when Josiah and a fellow merchant raped one of the slaves, despite Francis’s plead. His control in this feudal class process is further exemplified through the fact that Josiah ultimately made all the economic decisions despite Francis’s influence.

Old Chinese Gender Selection Method Health And Social Care Essay

Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive survey. Pregnant adult females ( Civilian non entitled ) holding full term gestation labeled bringing instances and admitted in officer ‘s household ward of Pakistan Navy Ship Shifa infirmary Karachi Pakistan from 31 March 2010 to 11 June 2010 were included in the survey. Consequences: Entire topics observed in the survey were 100.The average age of the adult females was 27.44 old ages with standard divergence of 4.35. Out of 100 delivered babes 42 were misss and 58 were male childs and 50 % .were right predicted with misss. sensitiveness of 45.23 % and specificity of 53.44 % . and sensitiveness of 53.44 % and specificity of 45.23 % .The positive predicted values calculated for foretelling boys baby was 57.40 % and for miss babies 41.30 severally. Decision: This survey remained focused on cognizing its truth after construct and revealed same consequence of truth of 50 % as with chance of tossing a coin but it did happen better sensitiveness for foretelling male as compared to female. Bing non invasive, this trial can give better and new consequences if practiced under the supervising of a confer withing household doctor particularly on good educated pregnant adult females. Cardinal Wordss: Mother ‘s age, Last catamenial Period, Month of Conception, sex anticipation, Sex planning, Chinese Method. —IntroductionThe ultimate purpose of every married adult female remains to be a female parent. Marital life starts with guess and planning of kids, their Numberss and sex. Fertility, which refers to holding construct or existent kid bearing, becomes the foremost desire. Gender of the pick is a natural desire of a adult female. However on first gestation this desire remains hibernating in the supplications. During initial phases of gestation suspense remain in cognizing the sex of an unborn babe. Assorted scientific methods are available for the anticipation of the sex of the foetus. These include Chorionic villus sampling ( CVS ) , amniocentesis and ultrasound. Other methods used to foretell the sex of foetus after construct are Old married womans narratives, foetal bosom rate trial, draino trial and Chinese lunar calendar ( CLC ) method etc. The most popular method is extremist sound which is best done between 18 and 26 hebdomads of gestation but its truth depends upon several factors: babe ‘s cooperation, gestational age, technician ‘s ability, etc ( 1 ) . Once the twosome have the babe of either sex and wants to hold the babe of their ain pick, they go for gender choice or planning of methods which provide counsel for following steps before construct. There is a broad prevailing tendency among pregnant adult females of developing states of holding a penchant for male child babes. In states like China, India, and Korea socio-cultural environments do be which contribute to boy kid prejudice in attitude and action ( 2 ) . A societal study on gender penchants prepossession sex choice among pregnant adult females in Karachi, Pakistan revealed that 27.6 % Pakistani adult females do demo a statistically important penchant for male childs over misss ( 3 ) , In Egypt a survey found 1.4 overall boy penchant index ( 4 ) Among the United States general population harmonizing to a cross-sectional web-based study, 39 % of respondents liked their first kid to be a boy, and 19 % liked their first kid to be a girl ( 5 ) .However on big graduated table, prepossession sex choice for non medical grounds raises of import lesson, legal, and societal issues and it can take to a socially riotous instability of the sexes. The methods which provide the option of planning of sex of the babe before construct include the Shettles method and Chinese lunar calendar method. Shettles method named for Dr. Landrum Shettles, based on timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation, sexual place and adult females orgasm ( 6 ) . The Chinese lunar calendar chart ( Table – 1 ) has the advantage of utilizing it for planning of sex of the babe before construct and foretelling the sex even after construct. Harmonizing to fable, the Chinese birth gender chart is based on statistics taken from adult females inside the out metropolis during the China dynasty. This chart was discovered by a Chinese scientist around 700 old ages ago buried in a royal grave. Original transcript of the chart is now placed in the institute of scientific discipline of Beijing China. Accuracy of this chart is claiming to be 99 % and is based on female parent ‘s age and month of construct which are converted into their lunar eq uivalents ( 7 ) . Globally really few surveies have been conducted on this method but in Pakistan no such record were found. The purpose of this survey was to prove the truth and prognostic value of Chinese calendar method in a sample of pregnant adult females admitted for hospital bringing at PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi.SUBJECT AND METHODSThis was a longitudinal descriptive survey in which truth of the Chinese method of foretelling sex of unborn babe was noted in the conceived adult females. Pregnant adult females holding full term gestation labeled bringing instances and admitted in officer ‘s household ward of Pakistan Navy Ship Shifa infirmary from 31 March 2010 to 11 June 2010 were included in the survey. Civilian non entitled ( CNE ) class of the adult females was included as compared to services forces households sing their better socio economic conditions, instruction and better place of remembering the day of the month of last catamenial period ( LMP ) . Inclusion Standards: All CNE pregnant adult females 15 -45 old ages of age holding singleton gestation. Exclusion Standards: All pregnant adult females belonging to Pakistan Armed Forces. All CNE pregnant adult females & A ; lt ; 15 old ages and & A ; gt ; 45 old ages age and holding multiple and premature bringings. A Performa was drafted to observe indispensable bio informations of topics including name, age, day of the month of last catamenial period, expected day of the month of bringing ( EDD ) , existent day of the month of bringing, sex of delivered babe and observed truth of the trial. The month of LMP was correlated with the age of each pregnant adult females and anticipation of gender was done against each severally. This consequence was tested on the twenty-four hours of bringing of the babe and truth of the trial was compared.ConsequenceEntire topics observed in the survey were 100.The average age of the adult females was 27.44 old ages with standard divergence of 4.35. Minimal age was 18 and maximal age was 38 ( Figure -1 ) . The average gestational age was 36 hebdomads. Out of 100 delivered babes 42 were misss and 58 were male childs. Among 42 miss babes 19 were right predicted, hence the method holding a sensitiveness of 45.23 % and specificity of 53.44 % . Out of 58 male childs ba bes 31 right predicted with a sensitiveness of 53.44 % and specificity of 45.23 % ( Figure – 2 ) . .The positive predicted values calculated for foretelling male childs was 57.40 % and for misss 41.30 severally.DiscussionFamily / Community physicians like accoucheurs while covering with a pregnant lady normally encountered the inquiry about anticipation of sex of foetus. The concerns of twosome remain on top peculiarly when they already had series of kids of either sex particularly misss. In an eastern developing state like Pakistan where there is a male-dominancy and broad prevalent female illiteracy led to penchants for male child babe. Here even the life of adult females may stay on interest because of the menaces by hubby / female parent in jurisprudence or due to seeking an illegal abortion. The Chinese lunar calendar method is a non -invasive cheap method to foretell the sex of the foetus. With simple counsel and follow up by household doctor it is possible to acquire coveted consequences. Our survey being the experimental survey remained focused on acquiring the information pertaining to age, last catamenial period ( LMP ) day of the month, full term period of gestation and consequence of the bringing. Although CLC method holding no information on the principle or biological footing, we were funny in cognizing the consequences in Pakistani adult females. In our survey truth found was 50 per centum.Same consequences were obtained by two other international surveies ( 8, 9 ) .However in our survey trial sensitiveness was higher for male childs babies ( 53.44 % ) as compared to girl babies ( 45.23 % ) and therefore the positive predictive values for male baby was high ( 57.40 % ) Versus female babies ( 41.30 % ) .DecisionThe Chinese lunar calendar method offers two manner uses of planning of sex of babe before construct and anticipation of foetus sex after construct. This survey remained focused on cognizing its truth after construct and revealed same consequence of truth of 50 % as with chance of tossing a coin but it did happen better sensitiveness for foretelling male child as compared to girl babies. This survey can give better and new consequences if practiced under the supervising of a confer withing household doctor for the intent of be aftering babe ‘s sex before construct particularly on good educated pregnant adult females.

Aristotle and Kant Essay

Aristotle and Immanuel Kant have greatly influenced the moral and cultural views, and the way that we perceive the world as a whole now. If Aristotle was only judged solely in terms of his philosophical influence, only Plato is his peer: Aristotle’s works shaped centuries of philosophy from late antiquity through the renaissance, and even today continue to be studied with keen. On the other hand, Kant synthesized early modern rationalism and empiricism, set the terms for much of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy, and continues to exercise a significant influence today in metaphysics, ethics, political philosophy, aesthetics, and other fields. Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover many subjects including physics, poetry, music, biology and ethics. Together with Plato and Socrates, Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. His views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship and their influence extended well into the Renaissance, although they were ultimately replaced by Newtonian physics. Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher who is widely considered to be a central figure of modern philosophy. He argued that human concepts and categories structure our view of the world and its laws, and that reason is source of morality. His thought continues to hold a major influence in contemporary thought, especially in fields such as metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, and aesthetics. He is seen as a major figure in the history and development of philosophy. German and European thinking progressed after his time, and his influence still inspires philosophical work today.

Compare the ways Duffy and Armitage present anti-social behaviour in Education for Leisure and Hitcher Essay Example

Compare the ways Duffy and Armitage present anti Compare the ways Duffy and Armitage present anti-social behaviour in Education for Leisure and Hitcher Essay Compare the ways Duffy and Armitage present anti-social behaviour in Education for Leisure and Hitcher Essay Essay Topic: Carol ann Duffy Poems In Education for Leisure, written by Carol Ann Duffy, the reader gets the impression the person in the poem is disturbed. They go on a killing spree, starting with whatever they can find, after there is nothing left to kill they get a knife and go outside, however the reader does not know what happens next.The person in the poem feels resentment when people ignore them: I have had enough of being ignored. This makes the reader think that they have bin rejected and that they are now bitter about it. They say, They dont appreciate my autograph which makes the reader think that the person in the poem wants to be famous, however is instead ignored. This is quite contrasting, as the person in the poem is very arrogant. I am a genius; I could be anything at all. Also many of the lines begin with I which shows how they talk about themselves a lot. So this could be why they are so confused, the person thinks very highly of itself however no one else seems to.A major theme in this poem in dea th and killing. They kill a fly and a fish, which makes the person in the poem feel powerful and intelligent; also maybe a cry for attention. However, the reader can see a lack of intelligence by the use of colloquial language: I pour the goldfish down the bog. Death is also a key theme in Hitcher by Simon Armitage.In this poem, the narrator picks up a hitchhiker. However he beats him up, whilst driving and then throws him out of the car. You can walk from thereAt the beginning of the poem the narrator is stressed, which contrasts to the end of the poem where he is much more relaxed; after killing the hitchhiker. Like in Education for Leisure the narrator boasts when saying how he didnt even swerve. Throughout the poem there are many inappropriate remarks about how the hitcher was bouncing off the kerb. The fact that he says these sick jokes in such a casual way is quite disturbing; it seems as though its not a big deal, like with Education for Leisure the person in the poem does no care what they kill, as long as they kill something.Both poems have five stanzas. They both feature enjambment and caesura throughout to show the lack of control; along with a narrative structure and in 1st person.Both poems are about death. The person in each of the poems ends up killing at least one thing, whether its an animal or a person; once they have murdered they get a sick pleasure and satisfaction.Compare the ways in which the attitudes of the speakers are presented in two poems from the pre 1914 poetry bankIn The Laboratory the woman feels very angry towards her husband/lover and his new mistress. She feels as though they have made a fool of her: they laugh, laugh at me. She is jealous; her lover is having an affair with some one else. Jealousy is also featured in My Last Duchess. The Duke suggested that his Duchess flirted with everyone: all and each would draw from her alike the approving speech, or blush, at least. Therefore is jealous that her attention is not on him all the time.In both poems, jealousy ends in death. In The Laboratory she poisons the new mistress and wants it to be painful: let death be felt, she also wants revenge on her lover for being unfaithful: He is sure to remember her dying face! She wants her lover to see his mistress when she dies, which shows the extent of jealousy she has. In My Last Duchess there is a sinister tone, which makes the reader suspect that he killed his Duchess: as if she were alive implies that she is dead now. Also when the Duke says: all smiles stopped all together the reader is very suspicious of him. His tone suggests he was satisfied with the results of his commands.

ACT Test Dates Study Plan for Sophomores and Juniors

SAT/ACT Test Dates Study Plan for Sophomores and Juniors SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re a sophomore or junior in high school, it's about time to start exercising your standardized testing muscles. This is especially true if you're hoping to get into very selective colleges or improve significantly from your PSAT scores. Read on for advice on how to create an effective study plan for the SAT or ACT starting in sophomore and junior year. Sophomore Year: SAT Prep Sophomore year is when you can start gearing up for the SAT or ACT by taking experimental practice tests and planning out your studying and testing schedules. I'll go through how to prepare yourself for standardized testing so you have the best chance of success when you take the test junior year. Getting Started By sophomore year, you've most likely taken all the classes that teach relevant information for standardized tests (algebra, trigonometry, and geometry). Now you can start figuring out your baseline score for the SAT or ACT so you know how much studying you’ll have to put in before you take the test. If you’re planning on taking the SAT, take the PSAT to get an idea of what your scores might be.Add a zero to the end of each PSAT section score to see an estimate of its SAT equivalent.You can also take a real SAT practice test if you would rather have a more direct representation of your current score level.If you’re planning on taking the ACT, take an ACT practice test. You should also take time during sophomore year to research colleges and get a sense of how much you need to improve your scores.This is a good time to estimate a target score for the SAT or ACT.Even though you might not know your top choice schools for sure yet, you probably have some idea of which colleges appeal to you and seem like realistic options. Google the names of schools that interest you and â€Å"SAT scores† or â€Å"ACT scores†.The 75th percentile score listed by the school (meaning a better score than 75 percent of admitted students) is what you should be aiming for as a target score. Studying for Your Goals We recommend that you take the SAT or ACT for the first time during the fall of your junior year(the SAT is in early October, the ACT is in mid-September). This way, you'll still have a lot more opportunities to take either test again if you don’t do as well as you hoped. Based on your knowledge about your current score level and target scores, you can start making a study plan during the second half of your sophomore year. Here are some guidelines for score improvement goals versus study hours: 0-30 SAT or 0-1 ACT Composite Point Improvement: 10 hours30-70 SAT or 1-2 ACT Point Improvement: 20 hours70-130 SAT or 2-4 ACT Point Improvement: 40 hours130-200 SAT or 4-6 ACT Point Improvement: 80 hours200-330 SAT or 6-9 ACT Point Improvement: 150 hours+ It’s up to you whether you want to spread out hours and start studying sooner or go with a more intense studying schedule for a shorter period of time. Here are some different examples of how you might plan out your study schedule before you take the test for the first time junior year: Case #1: I'm Planning on Taking the SAT, and I Want to Improve By 200 Points For this level of improvement, you're looking at about 80-100 total study hours.If you start during sophomore spring, two hours a week of studying while you’re still in school in April and May will accumulate about 20 hours. You can plan to study for five hours a week for the three summer months, which adds up to about 70 hours (you have to account for that one week when you will inevitably go to the beach instead).The SAT is in early October, so September can be a review month where you study for an hour a week until your SAT test date. Case #2: I'm Planning on Taking the ACT, and I Want to Improve By 3 Points We could estimate around 40 total study hours for a three-point improvement on the ACT.In this case, since you’re not looking for a huge improvement, you have more of a choice as to how much you spread out your hours.Maybe you decide you want a fast-paced two-month study plan where you study for 5 hours a week in July and August. Alternatively,you could take a more long-term approach and study for two hours a week starting in April. Case #3: I'm Planning on Taking Either the SAT or the ACT, and I Want to Improve By...A LOT It's true that you might not have time to study for the 150+ hours recommended above before you take the test junior year for the first time.The good news is, if you're new to the SAT or ACT, it’s easy to pick up dramatic score improvements as you gain familiarity with the questions. View it as an ongoing process - remember that you’ll still have another year before your last chance to take the SAT or ACT during senior fall. Five hours a week of studying is a realistic goal in the 4-6 months before the test your junior fall.Though this might not be enough to get your scores up where you want them to be the first time, you’ll be at least halfway there.You can look at your first official test as a benchmark for you to see how effective your studying has been rather than a scary deadline. It's time to prep the metaphorical ingredients of success on the SAT or ACT with the sharp blade of your brain knife. Junior Year: The Real Deal This is when things get real. It's important to manage your testing schedule wisely and make sure you're seeing consistent improvement. I'll discuss this more in the next couple of sections and include some advice on transitioning to senior year and the college application process. Taking Your First Test At the start of your junior fall, you should take the SAT or ACT for real so you can get an idea of how much your scores still need to improve (or if they need to improve at all). By this point, you probably have a better sense of where you want to apply, so you can be more sure of your target score.Remember that you still have a lot of chances to take the SAT or ACT again if you're not satisfied with your scores yet, so don't sweat it! Evaluating Your Study Strategy and Hours If you are just starting to study junior year, see the Studying for Your Goals section above to get an idea of how much you might need to study.The aftermath of your first test junior year is a good time to take stock of your studying strategies and whether they are working for you. Here are a couple of reasons you might change your study strategy or consider studying for more time: Scenario #1: You Ran Out of Time, but You Felt Pretty Good about the Test Otherwise You may need to force yourself to do more timed practice tests. You should also research some strategies for reducing your time.Here’s advice to help you with this problem on SAT Math, SAT Reading, the SAT in general, and ACT Reading. Scenario #2: Your Scores and Content Knowledge Didn't Seem to Improve Despite Lots of Studying Something is wonky with your studying habits, or you might just need more prep in general.There are a couple of reasons why this might happen: You’re getting distracted too much - You might need to change your study location, turn your phone off, or stop studying with other people (let’s face it, group studying is not real studying). You’ve been taking practice tests but not picking apart your mistakes - You won’t learn much this way because your level of understanding is not changing. See this article on how to review mistakes on practice tests. It takes you a while to learn from mistakes - Studying for more time is probably the way to go. Remember that you still have until your senior fall before your test results are final!Once you have a stronger understanding of your studying needs, you should be able to plan better for the upcoming SAT test dates during your junior spring and senior fall. Looking Ahead to Senior Year Now that you’ve taken your first test, evaluated your studying habits, and know how much you want to improve before you send in college apps, you're ready to craft a new study plan based on this information. You might choose to take the SAT or ACT again during your junior spring, especially if you're only looking for a slight improvement over your original scores (1-2 ACT points or 30-70 SAT points). This will also help you plan your studying for the summer between junior and senior year depending on how well you do. Make sure you keep up a light study schedule between the fall and spring tests, unless you are only looking for a very small point improvement that could happen without more studying (0-1 ACT or 0-30 SAT).Even one to two hours a week can make a significant difference in your scores. Though you still have more chances to take the tests during senior fall, you shouldtry as hard as you can to improve each time you take the test so you aren’t wasting money.Be careful not to depend too much on senior year testing opportunities. Ideally, you will have already reached your goals before then so you can avoid stressing out over simultaneous deadlines for college applications and standardized testing. Especially if you're applying Early Decision or Early Action, you should do your best to get all your tests out of the way before senior year rolls around. If you're planning on taking one of these tests as a senior, the summer before junior year is critical study time. By now, you should know approximately how many hours you need to devote to studying and have made adjustments that account for your personal study habits and time constraints.Spread out your time in the 4-6 months before senior year begins so you can make the most of your last few testing opportunities! Hear that? It's the sound of your rocket to success leaving the launchpad. To Sum It All Up... Sophomore Year Take the PSAT and/or SAT and ACT practice tests Get an idea of how much you need to improve based on target scores Make a study plan for your goals starting in sophomore spring and going through the summer before junior year Junior Year Take the real SAT or ACT in the fall Reevaluate your studying strategies based on your performance and see if you need to make changes Continue a light study schedule throughout junior year Take the test again in the spring Keeping in mind everything you’ve learned, make a final study plan for the summer before senior year What's Next? Plan out your schedule with the help of our full review of the 2016-2017SAT Test Dates. Still not sure whether you should take the SAT or the ACT? Learn about the pros and cons of each test. Or, are you wondering whether or not to retake one of the tests? This guide will help you decide if it's a good idea. Also see our complete study plans for the SAT and ACT for more tips on how to be prepared! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Manufacturing and Urbanization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Manufacturing and Urbanization - Essay Example Because of the rise of industrialism in the nineteenth century, United States became an industrialized society. This change was sped up by transportation revolution as well as immigration. Urbanization, along with the need for a market economy, also contributed America’s industrialization. Industrialization changed the lives of everyone. The farmers had become workers in factories and mills. Agriculture became mechanized, and with technology, the food production increased. Coupled with fast production and mechanization, the farmers worked faster. Since the transportation network was also quite effective, goods were also transported throughout America, boosting commerce and industry throughout the regions. Urbanization also went hand in hand with industrialization as with the expansion of farming. The mechanization of the textile industry was not until mid-nineteenth century when the likes of Lowell Mills (in Massachusetts) sprouted. In fact, Lowell Mills was the most profitabl e mill in Massachusetts. In 1814, the Boston Manufacturing Company was established and it built a mill near the Charles River. It became the first integrated mill in the United States: it was the first mill to have had carding, spinning and weaving. For several years, the town of Lowell in Massachusetts became the default place for putting up mills in America as ten textile corporations opened more than thirty mills in Lowell. The city became world famous as the â€Å"center of efficient industry†. These mills had eight thousand workers, women between ages 16 to 35 as their workers and they were promised high wages by men who told them that these jobs were available to all social classes, since being a mill girl is considered being degrading. The Lowell Mills had a large-scale mechanization with the goal of improving the stature the women in the workforce. The mills usually hired employees for a year and they were renewed every year (the average employee lasts for four years) . The new ones had a fixed wage while the older employees were paid by the piece. The workers usually worked for fourteen hours each day and their work averages for seventy three hours each week. The workers were overseen by two male managers. The rooms are hot with eighty workers to a room, and the windows are closed to maintain thread count and thread work. The workers were also housed in boarding houses that were provided by the company, with six workers in a bedroom. Because of the economic depression of the 1830s, the board of directors of the mills proposed a reduction in the women’s wages and the employees had strikes. The women lost and the employees left town, and this was seen as a â€Å"betrayal of femininity†. In 1845, the Lowell women started the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association. It demanded a ten hour work for the women of Lowell Mills. The movement became unsuccessful then but in 1847, their work hours were reduced by 30 minutes. In New Hampshire, however, the State Board passed a law for a ten hour workday. This development in the industrialization of America brought forth inequality in the working class, particularly in the lives of female white workers as exemplified by the working women of Lowell Mills. The inequality was not only sexist as it only affected women. Then inequality stretched to the point where the capitalists have used the term â€Å"more wages† as they hired women, on the premise of them providing better lives, with these women not knowing that they will be in for more

Agress a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Agress a - Essay Example Furthermore, the advancements ensures maximum safety for patient and hospital records. Remarkably, the minimal errors occur mostly due to human mistakes, but very low. The speed and accuracy of the machines helps to save lives through reduced response time. Besides, patients and medics easily access significant information for treatment and disease control. Hence, the technology heightens clinical test and produces quality and superb results (Finkelman 2012). Consequently, clinical technology instills eminent public confidence in health provision services. I share similar sentiments that the technological advancements are useful and valuable in health care division. I feel that the improvements serve to address doctor patient ratio challenges in modern society. It is imperative to acknowledge the increased number of patients served, quality of services in hospitals and the clear reference of patients’ medical records. The modern medical service characterized by computerized medical systems presents major opportunities for both patients and physicians. Nevertheless, the system still requires adjustments to minimize threats caused by leaks of confidential information about the patients (Smith 2000). Possible causes arise incompetent staff and cyber

Tapit Wordlwide Professional Job Search System Essay

Tapit Wordlwide Professional Job Search System - Essay Example In fact, most of the online recruitment forms receive the information online. But, it has been seen that the information has not been used in a discreet manner. There has been a lot of leakage of the information to various sources. This has led to tremendous loss for the applicants. The consumers cannot be sure about the privacy of the supplied information. It has been observed that there have been a lot of instances of spamming in a number of areas. This has led to the blocking of the inbox by unwanted mails. There have been question marks over the credibility of the website over the data being supplied from multiple sources. So, the customers have not been provided with the necessary information about the legitimate job openings. There are instances in this case where the filled in jobs have not been removed from list of available jobs. This leads to a lot of instances to a lead that had not been active, but was still showing on the job boards. This was against the promise of the company that it was posting fresh jobs. It also created unnecessary problems for the job seekers by providing them with unnecessary type of information. It was also against the promises of the company. This was the factors that led to the negation of promises made by the company about the type of services being provided. Tapit Professional Worldwide job search system allows the upload of any resumes by the users. This leads to a two pronged problem. First, the users do not get access to the specified kind of jobs. Secondly, there is a lack of understanding of the proper kind of the applicants. There is also an issue being faced by the companies that had uploaded the requirements. It ends to overload the number of applications, leading to a number of false applications for any job. This also creates problems for the companies that have done the postings. So, it can be seen that Tapit Worldwide Professional Job

Strategic decisions of human resource management

Strategic decisions of human resource management Introduction The intention of this report is to analyse and evaluate communication systems which impact upon strategic decisions with reference to modern-day views of human resource management within a medium sized contracting firm. Taking a look at relevant theorists views and whether they would fit in to the medium sized contracting firm model The following areas are to be analysed and considered Types of communication systems: How these impact on strategic decisions Strategic resource management overview Theorists relevant to Human resource management (HRM) How these impact on a medium contracting firm Reference is to be made specifically to theorists models (e.g., Guests 1997 model and Legge 1995) how they compare and weather they fit into the modern HR model Communication methods See Appendix 1. Within the modern working environment the problem for management and employees alike is how to select the most effective method of communicating with other individuals and groups many factors can help to determine this selection: Formal or informal content of message; Speed and delivery and response; Individual or small group or large group as receiver; Cost of communications; Availability of information and communication technology Communication systems There are many communication systems which are relied on within the modern working environment but are we sure that we mean the telephone, meetings, computer or even written these themselves have become mobile with the introduction of the mobile phone and lap top linked to a wifi network constantly giving access to internet and emails. These are the tools for communication. Communication can be broadly classified as verbal communication and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication includes written and oral communication Non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions and visuals diagrams Verbal Communication Verbal communication can be further divided into written and oral communication. The oral communication refers to the spoken words. Oral communication can either be face-to-face communication or a conversation over the phone. The other type of verbal communication is written communication. Written communication can be by email or written. The effectiveness of written communication depends on the style of writing, vocabulary used, grammar, clarity and precision of language Nonverbal Communication Non-verbal communication includes overall body language of the person who is speaking, which includes body posture, hand gestures, and overall body movements. The facial expressions also play a major part since facial expressions say a lot. Non verbal communication can also be in the form of pictorial representations, signboards, or even photographs, sketches and paintings Communication is a process that involves exchange of information, thoughts, ideas and emotions. Its important that the delivery of communication is received and under stood by all subordinates; this will then allow communications to play an active role within strategic decisions. Would this be relevant within a medium sized contracting firm? Most would find it difficult to operate without effective communication. Communication can take various forms as described above but all forms involve the transfer of information from one party to the other. In order for the transfer of information to qualify as communication, the recipient must understand the information conveyed to them. If the recipient does not understand the meaning of the information conveyed to them, communication has not taken place. Communication is the life source of all organisations because organisations involve people. People cannot interact with each other without communication. Internal/Organisational Communication Communication that takes place within an organisation, in addition to the usual face to face, telephone, fax or mail; modern organisations will more often than not use technology to communicate internally. Technology may be used for e-mails or a linked internal communication system such as the intranet which is an internet system designed solely for use by those working within the organisation. External communications conversely external communication is communication between the organisation and those outside the organisation. Modern organisations may design technological systems so that they can communicate with customers and undertake e-Commerce. Alternatively they communicate with other businesses through the internet or similar systems and undertake e-Business. Upward and Downward communication Downward communication is communication created by directors and managers and passed down the hierarchy of workers in the organisation. In traditional organisations this is the preferred method of communication i.e. Managers decide what the systems, rules and procedures will be and then they pass these down to employees they manage and supervise. Downward Communication can increase efficiency by synchronising organisational procedures and can ensure that everybody is working towards the same overall aims and objectives. Types of downward communication include job descriptions, appraisals/evaluations, organisational policy, and organisational systems Effective communication is the foundation for effectiveness (McNamara) experts on organisations; management and leadership avow there cant be too much communication. Leaders and managers have realised that there is a need to effectively convey and receive information, To reiterate (McNamara Carter) subordinates need to be given proper communication from managers, as this is believed to lead to an increase in absenteeism amongst workers thus effecting productivity, there should be two-way communication in an organisation. Its enviable that the Manager should have personal contact with his subordinates. He should clearly communicate goals and policies of the organization to his subordinates and should get feedback on these goals and policies. Feedback plays a very important role in the communication process. It enables us to evaluate the effectiveness of our message. Giving the subordinates chance to provide feedback is important for maintaining an open communication within the organisation. The manager must create an environment that encourages feedback Performance appraisal Performance appraisals the process of obtaining, analysing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal is measuring and improvingthe actual performance of the employee and also the future potential of the employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does andencourage employee communications about job-related and professional matters. (Harris, F 2006)Forms of communication include coaching, counselling, training and feedback on job performance. Strategic Human resource management What is strategic human resource management? Strategic human resource management (SHRM) could be defined as a process which is constantly evolving within many organisations, and should be constantly reviewed to suite employees and employers needs. Its definition and relationships with other aspects of business planning and strategy is not conclusive and opinion varies between many different theorists Theorists views Strategic HRM is the key to improved business performance within which there is comprehensive coverage of the various definitions and approaches to HRM, strategy and strategic HRM Armstrong, M and Baron, A. (2002) Is this statement a true reflection on what is believed to be the contemporary views of human resource management? Strategic HRM is regarded as a general approach to the strategic management of human resources in harmony with the intentions of the organisation on the future direction it wants to take. Strategic HRM is concerned with longer-term people issues and macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values, commitment and matching resources to future need. Boxall and Purcell argue that strategic HRM is concerned with explaining how HRM influences organisational performance. They also point out that strategy is not the same as strategic plans. Strategic planning is the formal process that takes place, usually in larger organisations, defining how things will be done, Purcell, J. (2003) To simplify these statements Strategic HRM is based on HRM principles incorporating the concept of strategy. So if HRM is a rational approach to the management of people, strategic HRM now implies that that is done in a planned way. Individuals, who are highly skilled, highly motivated and have the opportunity to participate within the organization by being given tasks to undertake. However, this will only feed through into higher levels of organisational performance if these individuals have positive management relationships with their superiors in a supportive environment with strong values. All these factors will support the willingness of individuals to perform above the minimum. It also could be said that the case is made for building the worker into the analysis of HRM, on the one hand, by incorporating worker attitudes and behaviour in the study of the HRM-performance relationship, and on the other, by paying serious attention to the association between HRM and worker-related outcomes. Evidence is presented to suggest that worker attitudes and behaviour mediate the HRM-performance relationship and that certain HR practices are associated with higher work and life satisfaction. (Guest, D 1997) Models on Strategic human resource management Human resource policies and practices have been linked with strategic objectives of many organisations. A number of British academics have made major contributions to the concept of HRM and their work is summarized below. Guest, D (1991) has taken the Harvard model and developed it further by defining four policy goals which he believes can be used as testable propositions: 1. Strategic integration: the ability of the organisation to integrate HRM issues into its strategic plans, ensure that the various aspects of HRM cohere and provide for line managers to incorporate an HRM perspective into their decision-making. 2. High commitment: A behavioural commitment to pursue agreed goals and attitudinal commitment reflected in a strong identification with the enterprise. Guest (1989) believes that the driving force behind HRM is the pursuit of competitive advantage in the market-place through provision of high-quality goods and services, through competitive pricing linked to high productivity and through the capacity swiftly to innovate and manage change in response to changes in the market-place or to breakthroughs in research and development. Legge, K (1989) considers that the common themes of typical definitions of HRM are that: Human resource policies should be integrated with strategic business planning and used to reinforce an appropriate (or change an inappropriate) organizational culture, that human resources are valuable and a source of competitive advantage, that they may be tapped most effectively by mutually consistent policies that promote commitment and which, as a consequence, foster a willingness in employees to act flexibly in the interests of the ‘adaptive organisations pursuit of excellence Summary Overall a medium sized contracting firm needs strategic systems in place especially taking into account the current economic climate, situations may arise where downsizing of the company and redundancies that may be prevalent due to the expected down turn in work load. At times of high unemployment, workers are thought to be concerned about losing their jobs and hence more conscientious and tolerant of strict management they become, its important to maintain communication in this situation. As states its important in difficult times for employees to become more flexible and foster willingness (Legge, K 1995) Other areas where lack of communication creates animosity between clients and contracting firm its proven that advising client of their needs and subsequently bring the projects successfully to implementation will help secure a good working relationship. Added values such as back up service of experienced staff and well qualified staff in all the requested areas of the construction programme this fits in with Guests model of giving high-quality goods and services, through competitive pricing linked to high productivity. (Guest, D 1997) If a business has highly motivated team then success will follow, this has to be lead from the top down and strategic integration from HR is paramount in the delivery of success as described in guests theory K, Legge at first contradicts Guests theory with whats known as a hard model theory by stating that employees are a resource just as any other business resource. Thus, human resource should match business needs and help achieve objectives. Management may monitor their performances for recognition and rewards. Furthermore, organizations will always try to acquire them as cheaply as possible, and exploit them to maximise profits. This model may sound less humanistic but the objective of achieving humanism should not compromise the objectives of organisations (Legge 1995). Theorists then began to look at other types of models and agreed that a softer approach was more fitting in certain current climates Harvard Business School developed soft or developmental humanism model, also tak es into consideration integration critical for the development of business strategies. At the same time, it also emphasises on treating people as valued assets. They should be treated as human capital, which is fundamentally different from other business resources. The soft model encourages developing employees so that they become proactive in organizational development and progress (Legge 1995). Many authors question the underlying practical applications of HRM models. Similar concerns are raised about SHRM. Its managerial focus, strategic perspectives and ‘realities‘ of HR practice have been questioned by several writers (Legge 1995; Guest 1997). SHRM is certainly concerned primarily with contributing to the ‘bottom line success of an organisation, which may sometimes involve a unitarist approach to the management of employees. SHRM may also infer a ‘hard HRM focus, which does not sit comfortably with some authors. However, as Legge (1995) points out, †˜If HRM, in either its ‘hard or ‘soft guises, involves the reassertion of managerial prerogative over the labour process, the strategies of flexibility reflect and constitute a path to this, employees as both resourceful humans and human resources Conclusion The above essay has analysed and evaluated various literature of human resource management, strategy and the links between these elements. While there is considerable discussion in relation to organisations using HRM strategically with a view to enhancing their organisation performance the actual implementation seems variable. The review of the literature also suggests there is a multi layer framework in which human resource management is located. (Guest, D. 2002) The relationship between organisations and workers is increasingly secured through different forms of involvement, ranging from an alienative to a moral involvement and from compliance to commitment as the basis for the ongoing attachment. Relationship and the interaction between the worker and employer have focused attention on outcomes. These outcomes can be perceived in terms of whether they are processes, procedures or practices, but at another they can be seen to be a mechanism for securing the objectives (Manning K 2005) Bibliography Books Bratton, J Gold, J (2003), Human resource management theory Practice 3rd edition, New York. Chaffee, E (1985) ‘Three models of strategy Academy of Management Review, London. Foot, M Hook, C. (2005), Introducing Human resource management 4th edition, London Harris, F McCaffer. (2006), Modern Construction Management sixth Edition, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford Price, A (2003), Human resource management in a business context 3rd edition, London Purcell, J. (2003), Strategy and human resource management, London. Mintzberg, H. (1994), The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning, Prentice-Hall. Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B. and Lampel, J. (1998), Strategy Safari: A guided tour through the wilds of strategic management, The Free Press. Whittington, R. (2000), What is Strategy And Does It Matter? 2nd edition Thomson Learning. Manning, Dr. K (2005), Strategic Human Resource Management and Performance. Internet McNamara, C 1997 (http://managementmrktng/org) accessed 10th Dec 09 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=347150 accessed 5th Jan 10 http://www.business.vu.edu.au/Mgt/working_papers/2005/wp6_2005_worland_manning. Accessed 5th Jan 2010 Journal articles Guest, D. E. 1997, ‘Human Resource Management and Performance: A Review and Research Agenda, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 263-276. Guest, D. 2002, ‘Human Resource Management, Corporate Performance and Employee-Well-Being: Building the Worker into HRM, the Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 44, no. 3. pp. 335-358. Guest, D. E., Conway, N. Dewe, P. 2004, ‘Using Sequential Tree Analysis to Search for ‘Bundles of HR Practices, Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 79-96. Guest, D. E. Michie, J. Conway, N. Sheehan, M. 2003, ‘Human Resource Management and Corporate Performance in the UK, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol.41, no. 2, pp. 291-314. Reilly, P. (2008) Strategic HR? Ask yourself the questions.HR Director. No 44, February. Richards, J. (2007) Aligning HR with the business: two steps forward, one step back. IRS Employment Review. No 866 March.

Abortion Controversy Essay -- Pregnancy

The Abortion Issue Introduction Abortion has been a very controversial subject over these past few decades. Every time you pick up a paper or magazine it seems there is always some protest regarding abortion, whether it be for fetal rights or women's rights. According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica the definition of abortion is "the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability (in human beings, usually about the 20th week of gestation). An abortion may occur spontaneously, in which case it is also called a miscarriage, or it may be brought on purposefully, in which case it is often called an induced abortion." This paper will focus only on those abortions which are considered to be induced and will present the argument to both sides, considering both the argument for Pro-life as well as for Pro-choice. Pro-Life Argument Don Marquis states in his article Why Abortion is Immoral that killing someone is wrong because the killing inflicts the greatest possible loss on the victim. He says that it is not the effect on the murderer and the victim's friends and relatives that makes killing an absolute wrong. Although killing does affect those close to the victim the ultimate harm done is on the victim himself due to their loss of future. Marquis states that killing is regarded as one of the worst crimes because it is depriving people of the value of their future. If this view were applied to abortion it would be easy to see how abortion could be considered wrong. By willingly ending the life of the fetus you are willingly ending their possibility of a future. The fetus has the possibility of having a future with emotions, experiences and activities that are the same as human beings and even closer to that of young children. This argument applies in most cases of abortion but not all. For example, to abort a fetus whose life will be filled with unbearable pain and anguish because of a physical or cognitive disorder could be justified because it could be said that the future of the fetus would be bleak and uncertain. In ways it could be stated that the "means justify the end". It must be noted however, that this acceptance would not apply to all situations of physical and cognitive disabilities; only the most severe cases would qualify. For example, there could be no way to justify inducing an abortion because it has been de... ...e brain is functioning. Conclusion When analyzing both sides of the abortion issues, it is evident that both sides provide both strong and weak arguments. Abortion will always be a controversial issue in society and there will always be disputing sides to the matter. Each person must make their own decisions based on their beliefs and factual evidence. Both sides must learn to be open-minded to the other side and learn to respect the fact that they have different thoughts and views. WORKS CITED "Abortion." Encyclopaedia Britannica - Online. 1 Oct. 2000. Carrier, Richard C. "Abortion is not Immoral and Should not be Illegal." Internet Infidels. 1 Oct. 2002 . Jarvis Thomson, Judith. "A defence of Abortion." Gender Basics. 2nd Ed. Anne Minas. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Inc, 2000. 402-409. Marquis, Don. "Why Abortion is Immoral." Gender Basics. 2nd Ed. Anne Minas. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Inc, 2000. 398-401. Robinson, B.A. "Abortion." Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. 3 Jul 2002. 1 Oct. 2002 Sherwin, Susan. "Abortion." Gender Basics. 2nd Ed. Anne Minas. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning Inc, 2000. 410-417.